Desktop publishing (abbreviated DTP ) is the creation of documents using page layout skills on personal computers primarily for printing. Desktop publishing software can generate layouts and produce quality typography text and images that can be compared with traditional typography and printing. This technology allows individuals, businesses, and other organizations to self-publish a wide range of printed materials. Desktop publishing is also a major reference for digital typography. When used skillfully, desktop publishing allows users to produce a variety of materials, from menus to magazines and books, without sacrificing commercial printing.
Desktop publishing incorporates personal computers and WYSIWYG page layout software to create publication documents on the computer for either large-scale publishing or the output and distribution of small-scale local multifunctional devices. The desktop publishing method provides greater control over design, layout, and typography than word processing. However, word processing software has evolved to include some, though not necessarily all, capabilities that were previously only available with professional printing or desktop publishing.
The same DTP skills and software used for paper publishing and public books are sometimes used to create graphs for display point of sale, promotional items, trade show fairs, retail package designs and outdoor signs. Although what is classified as "DTP software" is usually limited to print and PDF publications, DTP skills are not limited for printing. Content generated by desktop publishers can also be exported and used for electronic media. Job descriptions that include "DTP", such as DTP artists, often require the skills of using software to produce e-books, web content, and web pages, which may involve web design or user interface design for any graphical user interface.
Video Desktop publishing
History
Desktop publishing was first developed at Xerox PARC in the 1970s. The contradictory claim is that desktop publishing began in 1983 with a program developed by James Davise in a community newspaper in Philadelphia. The Type Processor One program runs on a PC using a graphics card for the WYSIWYG display and is commercially offered by Best info in 1984. (Desktop typesetting with only limited page makeup facilities that arrived in 1978-9 with the introduction of TeX , and extended in the early 1980s by LaTeX.) The DTP market exploded in 1985 with the introduction in January of Apple LaserWriter printers, and then in July with the introduction of PageMaker software from Aldus, which quickly became the industry standard DTP Software. Then, PageMaker overtook Microsoft Word in a professional DTP in 1985. The term "desktop publishing" was associated with Aldus founder Paul Brainerd, who searched for a marketing catch phrase to describe the small size and relative affordability of this product range, on the contrary to costly commercial phototypesetting equipment on that day.
Before the advent of desktop publishing, the only option available for most people to produce typed documents (as opposed to handwritten documents) is typewriters, which only offer some typography (usually fixed-width) and one or two font sizes. Indeed, a popular desktop publishing book entitled Mac is not a typewriter , and it should really explain how Macs can do more than just a typewriter. The ability to create WYSIWYG page layouts on screen and then print pages containing text and graphic elements at a sharp 300 dpi resolution is revolutionary for both the industry and personal computer font industry; newspapers and other print publications moved to DTP-based programs from older layout systems such as Atex and other programs in the early 1980s.
The early 1980s desktop publishing was a primitive affair. Users of the PageMaker-LaserWriter-Macintosh 512K system experience frequent software crashes, narrow screens on a small 512 x 342 1-bit Mac monochrome display, inability to control letter spacing, kerning, and other typographic features, and the difference between the display and prints. However, it was a revolutionary combination at the time, and received with considerable praise.
The behind-the-scenes technology developed by Adobe Systems sets the foundation for professional desktop publishing applications. LaserWriter and LaserWriter Plus printers include high-quality, scalable Adobe PostScript fonts built into their ROM memory. PostScript LaserWriter capability allows publication designers to prove files on local printers, then prints the same file in the DTP service bureau using a 600 ppi optical resolution of PostScript printers such as those from Linotronic. Later, the Macintosh II was released which is much more suited for desktop publishing due to its greater capabilities, support for large color multi-monitor displays, and its SCSI storage interface that allows fast, high-capacity hard drives to be plugged into the system. The Macintosh-based system continued to dominate the market until 1986, when the GEM-based Ventura Publisher was introduced for MS-DOS computers. The PageMaker page board metaphor closely simulates the layout process manually, but Ventura Publisher automates the layout process through the use of automatically generated tags and style sheets and indexes and other body material. This makes it suitable for manuals and other long format documents.
Desktop publishing moved into the home market in 1986 with Professional Page for Amiga, Partner Publisher (now PageStream) for Atari ST, GST Timeworks Publisher on PC and Atari ST, and Calamus for Atari TT030. The software is published even for 8-bit computers such as Apple II and Commodore 64: Home Publisher, The Newsroom, and geoPublish. During the early years, desktop publishing gained a bad reputation as a result of untrained users who created "disorganized" and unprofessional "ransom" layouts; Similar criticism flattened again against World Wide Web publishers a decade later. However, some desktop publishers who master the program can realize truly professional results. The desktop publishing skill was considered a major importance in career advancement in 1980, but increased accessibility to the more user-friendly DTP software has made DTP a secondary skill for art direction, graphic design, multimedia development, marketing communications, and administrative careers. DTP skills levels range from what can be learned in a few hours (for example, learning how to install clip art in word processing) for what requires college education. The discipline of DTP skills ranges from technical skills such as prepress production and programming to creative skills such as communication design and graphic image development.
In 2014, Apple computers remained dominant in publishing, even when the most popular software has changed from QuarkXPress (about 95% market share in the 1990s) to Adobe InDesign. An Ars Technica writer claimed that year that "I've heard of a Windows-based publishing environment, but I've never actually seen it in 20 years in design and publishing".
Maps Desktop publishing
Terminology
There are two types of pages in desktop publishing, electronic pages and virtual paper pages to be printed on physical pages. All computer documents are technically electronic, limited in size only by computer memory or computer data storage space. The virtual papers pages will eventually be printed, and therefore require paper parameters that coincide with international standard physical paper sizes such as "A4," "mail," etc., if not a custom size for pruning. Some desktop publishing programs allow custom sizes intended for large format printing used in posters, billboards, and trade show displays. The virtual page for printing has virtual print material sizes that have been previously designed and can be viewed on the monitor in WYSIWYG format. Each page for printing has a trim size (edge ​​of paper) and a printable area if bleeding is not possible as is the case with most desktop printers. A web page is an example of an electronic page that is not limited by virtual paper parameters. Most of the electronic pages can be dynamically resized, causing one size-scale content to be on the page or causing content to flow again.
The master page is a template used to automatically copy or link elements and graphic design styles to multiple or all multi-page document pages. Linked elements can be modified without having to change every instance of an element on a page that uses the same element. The master page can also be used to apply graphic design styles to automatic page numbering. Cascading Style Sheets can provide the same global formatting functionality for web pages provided by master pages for virtual paper pages. The page layout is the process by which elements are placed on the page in an orderly, aesthetic, and precise manner. The main types of components that will be placed on the page include text, linked images that can only be modified as external sources, and embedded images that can be modified with layout software. Some embedded images appear in the application software, while others can be placed from an external source image file. The text can be entered into a layout, placed, or (with a database publishing application) related to an external text source that allows multiple editors to develop the document at the same time. Graphic design styles such as colors, transparencies, and filters, can also be applied to layout elements. Typography styles can be applied to text automatically with style sheets. Some layout programs include a style sheet for images other than text. The graphics style for images can be border, color, transparency, filters, and parameters that show the text flow around an object called "cover" or "runaround."
Comparison
With word processor
While desktop publishing software still provides the broadest features necessary for print publishing, modern word processors now have publishing capabilities outside of many older DTP applications, blurring the line between a word processor and desktop publishing. In the early days of the graphical user interface in the early 1980s, DTP software was in a class of its own when compared to a fairly simple word processing app at the time. Programs like WordPerfect and WordStar are still text-based and offer a little way of page layout, in addition to possible margins and line spacing. On the other hand, word processing software is required for features such as indexing and spell checking, a feature common in many applications today. As computers and operating systems have become more powerful, versatile and easy to use by 2010, vendors have been working to provide a single application platform to users who can meet almost all of their publishing needs.
With other electronic layout software
In 2010, DTP usually does not include digital devices such as TeX or troff, although both can be easily used on modern and standard desktop systems with many Unix-like operating systems and available for other systems. The main difference between electronic typing software and DTP software is that DTP software is generally interactive and "What you see [on screen] is what you get" (WYSIWYG) in design, while other electronic layout software, such as TeX, LaTeX, and other variants, tend to operate in "batch mode", which requires the user to enter the markup language of the processing program (eg HTML) without direct visualization of the finished product. This kind of workflow is less user-friendly than WYSIWYG, but more suitable for conferencing processes and scientific articles as well as company newsletters or other consistent apps, auto layout is important. In 2010, TeX's interactive front-end components, such as TeXworks or LyX have generated "what you see is what you mean" (WYSIWYM) hybrid of DTP and batch processing. This hybrid is more focused on semantics than traditional DTP. There is some overlap between desktop publishing and what's known as hypermedia publishing (eg web design, kiosks, CD-ROMs). Many graphical HTML editors such as Microsoft FrontPage and Adobe Dreamweaver use a layout engine similar to the DTP program. However, some Web designers still prefer to write HTML without the help of a WYSIWYG editor, for greater control and ability to fine-tune performance and functionality. Another reason that some Web designers write in HTML is that WYSIWYG editors often generate redundant code lines, leading to a bloat code that can make the page difficult to troubleshoot.
With web design
Desktop publishing produces printed or static electronic media, the focus of this article. Similar skills, processes, and terminology are used in web design. Digital typography is a typography specialty for desktop publishing. Web typography discusses typography and font usage on the World Wide Web. Desktop style sheets apply formatting to print, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) provides formatting controls for web viewing. The web HTML font family maps the use of website fonts to the fonts that are available in the user's web browser or display device.
Apps
- Adobe FrameMaker
- Adobe Illustrator
- Adobe InDesign
- Adobe Muse
- Adobe PageMaker
- Adobe Photoshop
- Apple Pages 4.x
- Banner Mania
- Corel Ventura
- Coreldraw
- Fontografer
- GeoPublish
- Dashes
- IStudio Publisher
- LibreOffice Impress
- Author LibreOffice
- Macromedia FreeHand
- Microsoft PowerPoint
- Microsoft Publisher
- Microsoft Word
- OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice
- PageStream (formerly "Partner Publisher")
- PTC Arbortext
- QuarkXPress
- Ready, Set, Start
- Scribus
- Serif PagePlus
- Xara Page & amp; Layout Designer
Web-based applications
- Fatpaint
- Lucidpress
File format
The industry design standard is PDF. Older EPS is also used and supported by most applications.
See also
- Comparison of desktop publishing software
- List of desktop publishing software
- Document processing
- Camera is ready
- Desktop videos
- E-book
- Electronic publishing
- Web design
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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