A hazard analysis process (PHA) (or hazard evaluation process ) is a set of organized and systematic assessments of potential hazards associated with industrial processes. PHA provides information intended to assist managers and employees in making decisions to improve safety and reduce the consequences of releases of unwanted or unplanned hazardous chemicals. PHA is directed to analyze the potential causes and consequences of fire, explosion, release of toxic or flammable chemicals and hazardous chemical spills, and focuses on equipment, instrumentation, utilities, human actions, and external factors that may affect the process.
There are various methodologies that can be used to implement PHA, including but not limited to: Checklist, What if, What if?/Checklist, hazard studies and operability, and failure modes and effects analysis. The PHA method is qualitative. The choice of methodology to be used depends on a number of factors, including the complexity of the process, the length of time a process has operated and if the PHA has been done in the previous process, and if the process is unique, or an ordinary industry. Other methods such as the protection analysis layer (LOPA) or fault tree analysis (FTA) may be used after PHA if PHA teams can not reach a risk decision for a given scenario.
In the United States, the use of PHA is mandated by the Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA) in the process safety management setting for the identification of risks involved in the design, operation, and modification of processes that handle extremely hazardous chemicals.
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Video Process hazard analysis
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