A baby boom is the period marked by a significant increase in birth rate. This demographic phenomenon is usually considered within certain geographical boundaries. People born during this period are often called baby boomers; However, some experts distinguish between those born during the baby boom demography and those who identify with overlapping cultural generations. The cause of baby boom involves various fertility factors. The most famous baby boom occurred soon after World War II during the Cold War. That is a largely unpredictable trend change, since in most of the country comes amid periods of economic improvement and improvement of living standards.
The baby boom occurred in countries that have suffered tremendous damage from the war and are experiencing dramatic economic difficulties. These countries include Germany and Poland. In the United States, baby booms are associated with the number of veterans returning home after the war ended in 1945. That's also because of the post-war post-war American economy. US Congress passes G.I. Bill of Rights to encourage home ownership and higher levels of education by charging very little or no interest on loans to veterans. Setting with a more comfortable economic position allows families to have shelter, be educated, and start having babies. "Now thriving on the American Dream, life is simple, jobs are plentiful, and a number of babies are born."
US birth rates exploded after World War II. From 1944 to 1961, more than 65 million children were born in the United States. At the height of this baby blast, a child is born every seven seconds. Factors that contribute to baby booms include young couples who start families after delaying marriages during the War, government encouragement for family growth through GI support allowances, and popular culture that celebrate pregnancies, parents, and extended families.
The baby boom was the result of a couple delaying having a child due to the Great Depression and World War II. Once the baby boom begins, the average woman starts getting married around the age of 20, not 22. Couples want to have babies after the war over because they know that the world will be a safer place to start a family.
Another major cause that causes baby booms is that people are able to move to the suburbs to raise families rather than live in the city. In addition, the cost of living in the suburbs is very low, especially for those who return from the military. It is also a period of time in which women are encouraged to take on their "roles", meaning that they are encouraged to stay home as housewives along with being mothers while husbands work.
The market becomes a seller's market. Many families are adapting to popular cultural changes that include purchasing TVs, opening credit card accounts, and buying mouse ears to wear while watching The Mickey Mouse Club. Overall, the time period of the baby boom is a blessing but also has its drawbacks when economists are aware of how many children are born. Concerns arise about sufficient resources available, especially when those born in the period of time the baby boom begins to have their own children.
The issues of the infant boom period are that it can greatly impact on population changes and cause social and economic impacts. One of the economic impacts of baby booms is the concern that as baby boomers get older and retire, the dependency ratio will increase. The Census Bureau estimates that the dependency ratio in the United States will be 65 by 2020 and reach a record high of 75, the highest since the 1960s and 1970s when their baby boomers were children. The economy of an area or country can benefit from the baby boom: This can increase the demand for housing, transportation, facilities and more for an increasing population. With the increase in population, food demand is also increasing. If a country can not keep up with a rapidly increasing population, it could lead to an inadequate shortage of food and health care facilities. Without sufficient supply to the population, it can cause ill health that can cause death in the population.
Video Baby boom
Afrika
"According to a new UNICEF report, nearly 2 billion babies will be born in Africa between 2015 and 2050 and the 2 main driving forces behind this birth and child spike are high fertility rates and an increasing number of women who can have their children. own."
The HIV/AIDS crisis in Africa has contributed locally to population explosions. The relief money used for contraception has been diverted over the last two decades to fight HIV, which causes the number of babies born far beyond AIDS deaths.
Maps Baby boom
French
After being in the fall of low birth rates, France experienced a baby boom after 1945. The notion that the population is too small, especially with regard to the stronger Germans, was a common theme in the early 20th century. Pronatal policies were proposed in the 1930s and implemented in the 1940s.
In addition, there is a stable immigration, especially from former French colonies in North Africa. The French population grew from 40.5 million in 1946 to nearly 50 million in 1968 and just under 60 million in 1999. The agricultural population declined sharply, from 35% of the workforce in 1945 to below 5% in 2000 In 2004, France had the second highest birth rate in Europe, behind only Ireland.
Romanian
- Decre? ei: (1967-1989), a baby boom in Romania is caused by a ban on abortion and contraception, consequently, the hospital becomes too full. From the Chicago Tribune on December 26, 1967, the article stated that a doctor should ask a woman to give birth at home because it is too crowded in the hospital, "Please stay home, we do not have a room". The column also states how "pregnant women should share beds in hospitals and sickly babies put in oxygen tents in groups". The baby boom in Romania caused problems that began to affect the health of its inhabitants. Abortion before being banned in 1966 was the only form of birth control, leaving people without access to family planning. Another set of policies by the then Romanian Leader, Nicolae Ceausescu, contributed to the baby boom based on ethno-nationalism. To encourage people to have more children from the dominant ethnic group, the Romanian Government creates financial incentives to have children, especially taxes for anyone over 25 without a child. This motivates many people to have children at a younger age, and with their ethnic Romanian counterparts. That causes an initial spike of the baby born but then begins to decline in the birth rate to 14.3 births per individual in the 80s. In an effort to increase the birth rate, Ceausescu made a new policy. Change the legal age to marry to 15 years, social media campaigns and require monthly checks for all women of childbearing age. This led to a nearly 5x increase in spending on incentives, but managed to reduce birth rates by up to 40%.
![BABY BOOMERS - by Visha Carter [Infographic]](http://i0.wp.com/imgstorage.ga/wp-contents/uploads/2018/07/4jgyTV.jpg "BABY BOOMERS - by Visha Carter [Infographic]")
United States
The term "baby boom" most often refers to the post-World War II baby boom (1946-1964) when the annual birthrate exceeds 2 per 100 women (or about 1% of the total population). There are an estimated 78.3 million Americans born during this period. This term is a general demographic and also applies to the expansion of other similar populations.
The latest baby boom period is as follows:
- Baby boom post World War I: (1918-1929)
- Baby boom post World War II: Duration varies, depending on the source. Echo Boomers (Millennials): (Researchers and commentators using years of birth from the early 1980s to the mid-1990s) are baby boomers, Gen Xers, and some members of the Silent Generation.
Effects on dependence caused by Baby boom (1946 -1964)
During the Baby boom experienced by the US after World War II, a dramatic increase in birth caused a higher dependency ratio, meaning that there was a substantial proportion of the population under the age of 15 and over the age of 65 who depended on them in the labor force (aged 15- 64). Cohort baby boom is expected to once again increase the dependency ratio after the majority are over 65, because these people are no longer part of the workforce. Some of the 75 million baby boomers are starting to reach retirement age. in 2011. Back in 2000 only 12.4% of our population was 65 or more and by 2020 is expected to increase to 18%, mostly due to baby boom. The Government currently supports social security for people over 65, which could cause countries to raise their budgets to fund programs like Medicaid.
See also
- Agequake
- American social policy during Second Red Scare
- Baby boomer
- The rate of death in the 20th century
- Generation
- Population barriers
- Population growth
- Baby boom post World War II
- Strauss-Howe Generation Theory
Note
Further reading
- THE FOUR DECADES NEXT - The Elder Population in the United States: 2010-2050 U.S. Census Bureau
External links
- Birth and other medical data from CDC
- Birthdays from CDC
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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