The first 100 days of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on 4 March 1933, the day when Franklin D. Roosevelt was inaugurated as the 32nd President of the United States. During this period, he presented a series of initiatives for Congress designed to counter the effects of the Great Depression. He has signaled his intention to move at an unprecedented pace to overcome the problems facing the state in his inaugural address, stating: "I am prepared under my constitutional obligation to recommend measures that can be taken by a country stricken in the midst of the world "Roosevelt's specific priority at the start of his presidency was to get Americans back to work, protect their savings and create prosperity, provide relief for the sick and the aged, and make industry and agriculture back up. The 100th day of his presidency was June 11, 1933.
Roosevelt coined the term "first 100 days" during July 24, 1933, radio. Fifteen major laws were enforced during this period. Since then, the first 100 days of the presidency have taken a symbolic meaning, and that period is considered a benchmark for measuring a president's initial success.
Video First 100 days of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency
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Franklin D. Roosevelt spent the first week of his presidency dealing with a series of bank closures for a month that ravaged families across the country. He closed the entire American banking system on March 6, 1933. On March 9, Congress passed the Emergency Banking Act, which Roosevelt used to effectively create federal deposit insurance when the banks reopened. At 10 pm ET that Sunday night, on the eve of the bank holiday, Roosevelt spoke to a radio audience of over 60 million people, to tell them in plain language "what has been done in the last few days, why it's done, and what's next. "That was the first of 30 night radio addresses later called Fireside Chats.
The result, according to the economic historian William L. Silber, is "a tremendous change in public confidence... The contemporary press affirms that the public recognizes implicit assurances and, as a result, believes that the reopened bank will be safe, as the President explained in Chats The first fireside. "Within two weeks, people returned more than half of their cash, and the first trading day after the bank holiday marked the largest one-day percentage price increase ever.
Maps First 100 days of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency
New Deal
The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)While Roosevelt's main goal is to improve employment, he also recognizes the need for a support system for the poor. The Federal Emergency Assistance Administration, beginning in 1933, meets the urgent needs of the poor. It spends $ 500 million on public kitchens, blankets, work schemes, and nursery schools. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration was closed in 1935, and its work was taken over by two entirely new federal agencies, the Job Progress Administration and the Social Security Administration. FERA is involved with various projects, including construction, projects for professionals (eg, writers, artists, actors, and musicians), and the production of consumer goods. They also focus on providing food to the poor, educating workers, and providing nearly 500,000 jobs for women.
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
In May 1933, the Adjustment Administration of Agriculture was created to raise the price of plants in response to the rural economic crisis. Governance helps control price reductions by setting quotas to reduce agricultural production. Beyond price adjustments, it helps farmers to modernize and implement innovative farming methods. In extreme cases, agencies help farmers with their mortgages and provide direct payments to farmers who will agree to sign a land-reduction contract.
National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
The National Industrial Recovery Act came into force on 16 June 1933, just five days before the end of 100 days. The action is an attempt to rebuild the economy from the severe deflation caused by the Great Depression. This action consists of two parts; recovery of the first promoted industry, and the second established the Public Works Administration (PWA). The National Industrial Recovery Act establishes the Public Works Administration (PWA) and the National Recovery Administration (NRA). PWA uses government money to build infrastructure, such as roads and bridges, to the state. Demand for this construction creates a new job, which reaches Roosevelt's top priority. The National Recovery Act also improves working conditions and prohibits child labor. Wages increase, making it possible for workers to generate and spend more. Today, the act is widely regarded as a legal failure because it generates a large number of regulations and resulted in a significant loss of support for President Roosevelt.
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was established to build a dam on the Tennessee River. The dam is designed to stimulate agriculture in the area while creating hydroelectric power plants, as well as preventing flooding and deforestation. Hydroelectric power is used effectively to provide electricity to nearby homes. TVA marks the first time the federal government has competed against private companies in the electricity sales business.
Reception from New Deal
Criticism
The New Deal FDR faces many contradictions from both sides of the aisle. Democratic reformers felt that the New Deal did not go far enough and Republicans felt that the FDR had exceeded its authority. Roosevelt's greatest left-wing critic is also his biggest political rival. The governor of Louisiana, Huey Long argued that the New Deal did not go far enough. Long, positioning himself to run his own presidential candidate, has encouraged a broad social and investment infrastructure program in his country, and wants to see FDR follow it at the national level. Although some Democrats have turned on the FDR because of the New Deal, the strongest opposition came from Republicans and the business sector. The most popular complaint is that the legislative package is too expensive and goes beyond the authority of the government.
See also
- The first 100 days of Barack Obama's presidency
- The first 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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